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It is unfortunate that Islam is continously being purported to be a religion of violence by the missionaries, when the reality is very much the opposite.不幸的是，伊斯兰教是不断被看来是一个暴力的传教士，当时的现实是非常相反的宗教。 What the majority of Christians are probably unaware is of the persecution of their brethren against other religions, most particularly the Muslims, because it is Islam which has always been the closest challenger to the slaves of the Cross.大多数的基督徒有什么可能不知道是对其他宗教迫害的兄弟，最特别是穆斯林，因为它是伊斯兰教一直是最接近的挑战者在十字架上的奴隶。 There are many cases of Christian persecution against the Jews or adherents of primitive religions, such as the natives of Mexico and parts of Southern America, but we will be focusing on two past Christian persecution against Muslims; the Crusades and the Spanish Inquisition.有对犹太人或，原始宗教迫害基督教信徒很多情况下，如墨西哥和美国南部地区的本地人，但我们将集中讨论两个过去基督教对穆斯林的迫害;十字军东征和西班牙宗教裁判所。

1. 1。 Christian Persecution during the Crusades 基督教十字军东征期间迫害

In November of 1095, Pope Urban II initiated the first European attempt at colonizing the Muslim world – known in the West as the Crusades – by drawing this fateful picture:在1095年11月，教皇乌尔班二世开始在穆斯林世界的殖民欧洲第一个尝试 - 在西方被称为十字军东征，以制订这个致命的图片 - ：

For you must hasten to carry aid to your brethren dwelling in the East, who need your help, which they have often asked.因为你必须加速进行援助，你们的弟兄在东部，谁需要你的帮助，他们经常问住。 For the Turks, a Persian people, have attacked them I exhort you with earnest prayer – not I, but God – that, as heralds of Christ, you urge men by frequent exhortation, men of all ranks, knights as well as foot soldiers, rich as well as poor, to hasten to exterminate this vile race from the lands of your brethren Christ commands it.对于土耳其人，波斯人人，袭击了他们，我劝你用真诚的祈祷 - 不是我，而是上帝 - 这预示着作为基督，你希望通过经常告诫男人，各级男人，骑士和步兵，丰富以及穷人，加速消灭你们的弟兄从基督的土地这恶人比赛命令它。 And if those who set out thither should lose their lives on the way by land, or in crossing the sea, or in fighting the pagans, their sins shall be remitted.如果这些谁载到那里失去土地的方式由他们的生活，或渡大海，或在战斗的异教徒，他们的罪孽，应减免。 Oh what a disgrace, if a race so despised, base, and the instrument of demons, should so overcome a people endowed with faith in the all-powerful God, and resplendent with the name of Christ.哦，什么是耻辱，如果一场比赛如此鄙视，基地和恶魔的工具，那么就应该用信心克服在赋予一个人全能的上帝，并在基督的名字辉煌。 Let those who have been accustomed to make private war against the faithful carry on to a successful issue a war against the infidels.让那些谁已经习惯把反对忠实私人战争进行到一个成功的问题上与异教徒的战争。 Let those who for a long time have been robbers now become soldiers of Christ.让那些谁很长一段时间现在已成为强盗基督的士兵。 Let those who fought against brothers and relatives now fight against these barbarians.让那些对兄弟和亲戚谁打现在对付这些野蛮人。 Let them zealously undertake the journey under the guidance of the Lord.让他们热情地承担下的主引导的旅程。 ^{1 一}

The Catholic Encyclopedia informs us the following about 天主教百科全书告诉我们以下有关 the Crusades十字军东征 : ：

The Crusades were expeditions undertaken, in fulfilment of a solemn vow, to deliver the Holy Places from Mohammedan tyranny.十字军东征的远征进行，在庄严的誓言履行，提供从伊斯兰教圣地暴政。

The origin of the word may be traced to the cross made of cloth and worn as a badge on the outer garment of those who took part in these enterprises.这个词的起源可追溯到布制的交叉，并作为对这些谁参加了这些企业的部分外衣徽章佩戴。 Medieval writers use the terms crux ( pro cruce transmarina , Charter of 1284, cited by Du Cange sv crux), croisement (Joinville), croiserie (Monstrelet), etc. Since the Middle Ages the meaning of the word crusade has been extended to include all wars undertaken in pursuance of a vow, and directed against infidels, ie against Mohammedans, pagans, heretics, or those under the ban of excommunication.中世纪作家使用的条款的症结 （ 亲克鲁斯transmarina，1284宪章，症结引用都参蛤SV）的，croisement（约恩维利），croiserie（蒙斯特勒莱）， 十字军等中世纪以来的词的含义已扩展至包括根据许愿的所有战争进行，并针对异教徒，即对伊斯兰教徒，异教徒，异端，或逐出教会的禁令下。

Many of the Christians who took part in the Crusades spoke of their great pride in wading in the blood of their enemies.许多的基督徒谁参加了十字军东征的一部分，他们的发言感到非常自豪，在他们的敌人血涉水。 This is evident in Daimbert's comments in the Official Summary of the 1st Crusade, when he said这是明显在第一远征官方总之，当他说Daimbert的评论

And, if you desire to know what was done about the enemy whom we found there, know that in the portico of Solomon and his Temple, our men rode in the blood of the Saracens up to the knees of the horses.而且，如果你想要知道什么是对敌人的人，我们发现有这样做，要知道，在所罗门和他的殿门廊，我们的人在撒拉逊人血液中的骑着马的膝盖。 ^{2 2}

When何时 Jerusalem耶路撒冷 was conquered on the 15th of July 1099 by the Crusaders who were also known as the Christian Knights, more than 60,000 inhabitants, both Jewish and Muslim, were slaughtered in cold blood.征服对1099年7月由谁也被基督教骑士六万多居民，犹太人和穆斯林都被冷血杀害，已知的十字军第15位。 In the words of one witness在一名证人的话

…there [in front of Solomon's temple] was such a carnage that our people were wading ankle-deep in the blood of our foes, and after that “happily and crying for joy” our people marched to our Saviour's tomb, to honour it and to pay off our debt of gratitude. ...有在所罗门圣殿]前边[是这样的大屠杀，我们的人涉水在我们的敌人血脚踝深，之后“幸福和喜悦喊”我们的人民游行到我们的救主的墓，履行它和偿还我们的感激。

The Archbishop of Tyre, who was also an eye-witness, wrote that:对轮胎，谁也一目击者大主教，写道：

It was impossible to look upon the vast numbers of the slain without horror; everywhere lay fragments of human bodies, and the very ground was covered with the blood of the slain.这是不可能的眼光来看待的，但无恐怖被杀;到处奠定人体碎片，以及非常满地都是血的覆盖广大被杀。 It was not alone the spectacle of headless bodies and mutilated limbs strewn in all directions that roused the horror of all who looked upon them.这不是只有在具无头尸体被肢解的画面，全方位的四肢激起了所有谁对他们充满期待的恐怖。 Still more dreadful was it to gaze upon the victors themselves, dripping with blood from head to foot, an ominous sight which brought terror to all who met them.更可怕的是它瞻仰他的胜利者自己，血从头部到脚，一个不祥的恐怖景象而带来的所有谁见过他们滴。 It is reported that within the Temple enclosure alone about ten thousand infidels perished.据报道，仅在庙圈地约10000异教徒丧生。 ^{3 3}

Songs were even composed about the conditions of the battles during the Crusades.歌曲，甚至组成十字军东征期间，约在战斗条件。

Count Roland gripped his sword dripping with gore he strikes his valiant blows, shivering shafts of spears and bucklers, too, cleaving through feet and fists, saddles and sides.罗兰伯爵抓住他的剑攻击他，他与戈尔英勇打击，颤抖的长矛和盾牌轴，也裂解通过脚和拳头，马鞍和两侧滴。 To see him hack the limbs from Saracens, pile them upon the earth, corpse upon corpse, would call to mind a very valiant knight.看到他从撒拉逊人砍四肢，堆在地上他们，尸体尸体后，会想起一个很英勇的骑士。 ^{4 4}

These quotes are instructive in their presentation of Western Christian foundational attitudes toward Islam.这些报价很有启发性，他们对西方基督教伊斯兰教基本态度介绍。 In medieval Europe, the Popes began to use Islam as a proxy to convince backsliding Christians to return to the fold and to convince themselves that Christians were chaste, denouncing Islam as a sexually liberal and even licentious religion.在中世纪的欧洲，教皇开始使用作为代理伊斯兰教说服倒退基督徒返回倍，并说服自己，基督徒是纯洁的，谴责伊斯兰教作为一种性自由，甚至放荡的宗教。 Once the Europeans gained a foothold in West Asia, one of the areas of greatest concern was miscegenation.一旦获得了欧洲人在西亚洲，最令人关注的领域之一是立足种族通婚。 In the Crusader mind, even sex with one's own wife was a carnal sin; sex with an infidel woman was punished by “castration for the Crusader and facial mutilation for the woman.” Muslim women were “viewed as defiled and wanton whores and seductresses.” This stigma is evident in Bishop Jacques de Vitry's comments on the 5th Crusade, when he says that在十字军精神，甚至与自己妻子性是肉体的罪恶;与异教徒的女子性受到了惩罚“为十字军和女子面部切割阉割。”穆斯林妇女“的玷污和肆意妓女和seductresses观看。 “这是耻辱的第五远征主教雅克德维特里的意见，显然，他说，

Those amongst the Saracens are considered most religious who can make the most women pregnant they lie with their concubines and wives often in times of fast, because they suppose making love and desire are so meritorious, either to satisfy lust or to generate many sons to strengthen the defense of their religion.撒拉逊人之间的那些被认为最宗教谁可以使大多数妇女怀孕，他们用自己的妄和妻子在快速时代往往会说谎，因为他们想作爱和欲望是如此功勋，无论是为了满足欲望，或产生许多的儿子，以加强他们的宗教辩护。 ^{5 5}

2. 2。 Christian Persecution during the Spanish Inquisition 基督教在西班牙宗教裁判迫害

It is well known in all Spain that pressure on Isabella led to the foundation in 1478 of the Spanish Inquisition, over which the Crown was given almost full control by the Pope.它在所有的西班牙众所周知，在伊莎贝拉压力导致在西班牙宗教裁判所，在哪些问题上给予的官方教皇几乎完全控制1478年该基金会。 The Inquisition was founded to solve one specific problem: the religious and public status of “conversos”.宗教裁判所的创立是为了解决一个具体的问题：“conversos”宗教和公共地位。 Conversos accused of practicing the Jewish faith were its main line of business, but such cases tended to occur only at specific periods and often had political rather than religious overtones. Conversos指责实行犹太信仰是其主要业务，但这种情况往往发生在特定的时期，往往只有政治而不是宗教色彩了。 Where neither Protestants nor Jews existed the Inquisition still intruded regularly into daily life, as the self-appointed guardian of orthodoxy and morality, with extensive powers to prosecute subversive or disrespectful words, thoughts and writings; sexual misbehaviour; bigamy; usury; superstitious practices; and other crimes large or small.凡没有新教徒，也不存在作为犹太人的正统道德自我指定监护人的宗教裁判所仍然经常闯入日常生活，具有广泛的权力，以起诉颠覆或不敬的话，思想和著作，性行为不检，重婚的;高利贷，迷信活动;和其他罪行大或小。

A later historian, the Jesuit Juan de Mariana, admitted that some aspects of the Inquisition “appeared very oppressive to Spaniards”.甲后来历史学家，耶稣会胡安德马里亚纳承认，某些方面的宗教裁判所“西班牙人显得很不近人情”。 But because the tribunal was a tool of deep, seated prejudices, those who directed it were able to bring into being a terrifying social weapon that helped to mould the thinking of Spaniards for centuries.但由于法庭是一个深工具，根深蒂固的偏见，那些谁指示它能够使社会形成了一个可怕的武器，帮助塑造了几个世纪西班牙人的想法。 It was one of the most powerful forces in the everyday life of sixteenth and seventeenth century Spain.它是在16和17世纪日常生活西班牙最强大的力量之一。

The tribunal set itself a task which was more recognizably “racialist than religious: to purify peninsular Catholicism by eliminating from the Church and its clergy all descendants of Jewish or Moorish blood”.审裁处订下了一个任务，更可辨：“不是宗教种族主义：净化由教会神职人员和犹太人的后裔或摩尔人的所有血液”消除半岛天主教。 The task was carried out with an efficiency that has left a permanent mark on Spanish现在的任务是进行了一个已离开西班牙永久标记效率 history历史 . 。 Even in modern times distrust of Jews and Arabs has played a significant role in Spanish politics.即使在现代的犹太人和阿拉伯人的不信任发挥了重要作用西班牙语政治。 The early proceedings were undoubtedly bloody: a contemporary historian estimated that in Seville alone between 1480 and 1488 the tribunal had burnt over seven hundred people and punished several thousands.早期的程序无疑血腥：一个当代历史学家估计，仅在塞维利亚和1488年的1480间法庭已烧毁了700人，几千人的惩罚。

In the year of 1492 the influential Tomas de Torquemada convinced Ferdinand and Isabella to expel all the surviving unconverted Jews.在1492年一年，有影响力的托马斯德托克玛达相信费迪南德和伊莎贝拉驱逐所有未转换的犹太人幸存。 Perhaps 200,000 Jews, including some of the country's best educated and most productive people, were sent packing to North Africa and various refuges in Europe.或许20万犹太人，其中包括一些国家的最好的教育和最有生产力的人，被赶跑到北非和欧洲各庇护。

The struggle against the Moors was always a unifying force, and the final push evoked harmonious cheers of thanks-giving from Spaniards, and from all of Christendom.反摩尔人的斗争始终是凝聚力，最终推动诱发的感恩节从西班牙人，从所有的基督教和谐的欢呼声。 In 1492, when the Reconquest captured the last Muslim city, Granada, Ferdinand and Isabella, ceremoniously accepted the keys to the Alhambra, the city's wondrous palace. 1492年，当最后一个穆斯林夺回被俘的城市，格拉纳达，费迪南德和伊莎贝拉，隆重接受了钥匙，阿罕布拉，城市的奇妙的宫殿。 It was all very chivalrous, except that the religious freedom guaranteed to the Muslims was soon revoked and mass conversions were decreed.这一切都是非常侠义，除了保证的宗教自由的穆斯林，很快就被撤销，大规模改建颁布。

Conclusion 结论

To claim that Christians are on “a moral high ground” when preaching their religion and have been “abstaining from violence” as it is the fundamental teaching of their religion is very much further from the truth, as the evidence shows.宣称基督信徒的“道德制高点是”当他们的宗教说教，并已“从暴力弃权”，因为它是他们的宗教是很基本的教学进一步与事实不符，因为有证据表明。 One may object that we are concentrating only on the negative, not providing any background analysis, and are not making necessary distinctions between various brands of也许有人会反对，我们只集中在负面的，不提供任何背景分析，而不是让各品牌之间的必要的区分 Christianity基督教 and between secular and religious tendencies in the Christian world.与在基督教世界的世俗和宗教的倾向。 But this is precisely what the Christians do to Muslims.但是，这正是基督徒做穆斯林。 They mostly talk and ask about acts of violence taking place in the vast Muslim world without making any distinctions, or analyzing them properly, or balancing them with the positive aspects.他们大多是谈话和询问有关参加了广阔的穆斯林世界，而不进行任何区别，他们或分析正确，或平衡与他们的积极方面发生的暴力行为。 The point in this paper is not to prove that Christianity's teachings are based on murder and violence, as the missionaries would like to claim for Islam, but only to show that Christians have a much darker past of murder and persecutions against those who do not conform to their doctrines when compared to Muslims.本文的重点不是证明基督教的教义是谋杀和暴力为基础，作为传教士想索赔伊斯兰教，但只表明基督徒对那些谁不符合的谋杀和迫害无比黑暗的过去他们的学说相比，穆斯林。

And certainly, only God knows best!当然，最好的只有天晓得！

1. August C. Krey, The First Crusade: The Accounts of Eye Witnesses and Participants , (Gloucester, Massachusetts: Peter Smith, 1958) [八月三克里， 第一次十字军东征：和参与者的帐目目击者 ，（格洛斯特，马萨诸塞州：彼得史密斯，1958）[ back背面 ] ]
2. Ibid , p. 同上 ，第 275 [ 275 [ back背面 ] ]
3. F. Turner, Beyond Geography (New York, 1980) [楼特纳， 超越地理 （纽约，1980）[ back背面 ] ]
4. F. Turner, Beyond Geography (New York, 1980) [楼特纳， 超越地理 （纽约，1980）[ back背面 ] ]
5. Norman Daniel, Heroes and Saracens: An Interpretation of the Chansons de Geste , (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1984) [诺曼丹尼尔， 英雄和撒拉逊人：一种热斯泰歌谣去解读的 ，（爱丁堡：爱丁堡大学出版社，1984）[ back背面 ] ]