If you're new here, you may want to get regular updates via如果你是新这里，你可能想通过定期更新 RSS feed RSS提要 . 。 Thank you for visiting!谢谢您的访问！

A Brief Biography of John Biddle (1615-1662) 甲（1615年至1662年的约翰比德尔简历）

John Biddle, the Father of Unitarianism in England, was born in 1615.约翰比德尔，父亲在英国单一制，出生于1615年。 He was a brilliant student and was described as a man who “outran his instructors and became tutor to himself”.他是一位才华横溢的学生，是作为一个男人谁“档数他的导师，导师对自己成为”来形容。 He went to the University at Oxford n 1634, was made a BA in 1638 and an MA in 1641.他到牛津大学ñ 1634年，是在1638年1 BA和1641年的硕士学位。 After leaving Oxford, he was appointed as a teacher in Gloucester.离开牛津后，他被任命为一个在格洛斯特老师。 It was here that he began to re-examine his religious views and began to doubt the validity of the doctrine of Trinity.正是在这里，他开始重新审视他的宗教观点，并开始怀疑了三位一体的教义的有效性。

The Origins of the “Twelve Arguments” 12个参数的起源的“” ^{1 一}

After a close study of the Trinity, he published a pamphlet in 1644 entitled “Twelve Arguments Refuting the Deity of the Holy Spirit”, addressed to “the Christian reader”.经过仔细研究的三位一体，他发表了题为“12争驳圣灵神”1644年的小册子，给“基督教读者”。 In 1645, the manuscript of the “Twelve Arguments” was seized and Biddle was imprisoned. 1645年，在“十二参数”被扣押和比德尔被监禁的手稿。 He was called to appear before Parliament, but he still refused to accept the Deity of the Holy Spirit.他呼吁国会出庭，但他仍然拒绝接受圣灵的神。 The pamphlet was reprinted in 1647.这本小册子是在1647年重印。 On the 6th of September of the same year, Parliament ordered the pamphlet to be burned.论同年9月6日，国会下令小册子被烧毁。 On the 2nd of May, 1648, a “Severe Ordinance” was passed, which stated that those who denied the Trinity or the divinity of Jesus or the Holy Spirit, would suffer death without the benefit of clergy.作者：五月，1648年，第二届“严重条例”获得通过，其中规定，那些谁否认三位一体或耶稣或圣灵的神性，将遭受不利益的神职人员死亡。

The “Twelve Arguments” “十二参数”

Having seen how hard the Church tries to instill “blind faith” into those who opposes the Doctrine of Trinity, let us see the summary of the “Twelve Arguments”, the cause of such extreme measures, as follows.我们已经看到如何努力，教会试图灌输“迷信到这些谁反对三位一体学说”，让我们看到了“十二参数”，这种极端措施的原因，总结如下。

1) He that is distinguished from God is not God. 1）他是有别于神不是神。
The Holy Spirit is distinguished from God. 圣灵是神的区别。
Therefore, the Holy Spirit is not God. 因此，圣灵不是神。

Biddle further explained this syllogism with these words:比德尔进一步解释这个三段论这些话：

The major premise is quite clear inasmuch as if we say that the Holy Spirit is God and yet distinguished from God then it implies a contradiction.大前提是因为很清楚，如果我们说，圣灵是上帝，但上帝然后区别于它意味着一个矛盾。 The minor premise that the Holy Spirit is distinguished from God if it is taken personally and not essentially is against all reason:First, it is impossible for any man to distinguish the Person from the Essence of God, and not to frame two Beings or Things in his mind.该未成年人的前提，即圣灵是从神的尊敬，如果是采取个人，而不是本质上是反对的理由是：第一，它是不可能对任何人，以区别于神的本质的人，而不是神仙或东西两帧在他心中。 Consequently, he will be forced to the conclusion that there are two Gods.Secondly, if the Person be distinguished from the Essence of God, the Person would be some Independent Thing.因此，他将被迫得出结论，有两个Gods.Secondly，如果该人是从上帝的本质区别，该人将一些独立的事。 Therefore it would either be finite or infinite.因此，要么是有限或无限。 If finite then God would be a finite thing since according to the Church everything in God is God Himself.如果有限然后上帝将是有限的事情，因为根据教会的一切上帝是上帝。 So the conclusion is absurd.因此，结论是荒谬的。 If infinite then there will be two infinites in God, and consequently the two Gods which is more absurd than the former argument.Thirdly, to speak of God taken impersonally is ridiculous, as it is admitted by everyone that God is the Name of a Person, who with absolute sovereignty rules over all.如果无限的，则会有两个infinites神，因此这两个神是较前argument.Thirdly荒谬，谈论上帝采取客观是荒谬的，因为它是每个人都承认，上帝是一个人的名字，谁对所有主权的绝对规则。 None but a person can rule over others therefore to take otherwise than personally is to take Him otherwise than He is.但没有一个人能统治别人，因此采取以外亲自带他，否则，是比他。

2) He that gave the Holy Spirit to the Israelites is Jehova Alone. 2）他是给了圣灵的以色列人是Jehova孤独。
Then the Holy Spirit is not Jehova or God. 然后，圣灵不是Jehova或上帝。

3) He that speakest not for himself is not God. 3）他是不说话，自己不是神。
The Holy Spirit speaks not for himself. 圣灵不是为自己说话。
Therefore the Holy Spirit is not God. 因此，圣灵不是神。

4) He that is taught is not God. 4）他是教不是神。
He that hears from another what he shall speak is taught. 听到他说什么，他会从另一个教授发言。
Christ speaks what he is told (John 8:26). 基督讲什么是告诉他（约翰8:26）。
Therefore Christ is not God. 因此，基督不是神。

5) In John 16:14 Jesus says: “God is He that giveth all things to all”. 5耶稣）在约翰福音16:14说：“上帝赐他的一切一切的”。
He that receives from another is not God. 他认为上帝接收从另一个则不是。

6) He that is sent by another is not God. 6）他是上帝派另一个则不是。
The Holy Spirit is sent by God. 圣灵是上帝派来的。
Therefore the Holy Spirit is not God. 因此，圣灵不是神。

7) He that is not the giver of all things is not God (Acts 17:25). 7）他是不是所有的东西送礼者是不是神（徒17:25）。
He that is the gift of God is not the giver of all things. 他是上帝的恩赐，是不是所有的东西送礼。
He that is the gift of God is himself given. 他是这样的礼物给自己的上帝。
The gift is in the power and at the disposal of the giver. 这礼物是在电力和送礼的处置。
It is therefore absurd to imagine that God can be in the power or at the disposal of another. 因此，它是荒谬的想像，上帝可以在权力或在其他处置。

8) He that changes place is not God. 8），更改的地方，他不是上帝。
The Holy Spirit changes place. 圣灵改变的地方。
Therefore the Holy Spirit is not God. 因此，圣灵不是神。

This syllogism was explained by Biddle as follows:这个三段论是由比德尔解释如下：

If God changes place then He would cease to be where He was before and begin to be where He was not before, which is against His Omnipresence and His Deity.如果上帝改变地方，那他就不再是他原来的地方，并开始在那里他将不前，这对他和他的神是无所不在。 Therefore it was not God who came to Jesus but an Angel sustaining the Person in the Name of God.因此，它不是上帝，但谁来到耶稣天使维持在上帝的名字的人。

9) He that prays to Christ to come to judgement is not God. 九）他是向基督祈祷来的判断是不是上帝。
The Holy Spirit does so. 圣灵这样做。
Therefore the Holy Spirit is not God. 因此，圣灵不是神。

10) In Romans 10:14 it reads, “How shall they believe in him of whom they have not heard. 10）在罗马书10:14内容是，“如何将他们相信他的人，他们没有听到。 He in whom men have not believed, yet were disciples”. 他在其中的人一直不相信，但大弟子“。
He who is not believed in is not God. 他是谁不相信，是不是神。
Men have not believed in the Holy Spirit, yet were disciples. 男人们不相信圣灵，但大弟子。
Therefore the Holy Spirit is not God. 因此，圣灵不是神。

11) He that hears from God at the second hand, viz the Christ Jesus, what he shall speak has an understanding distinct from God. 11）从神听到他说在第二次手，即基督耶稣，他会说有一个认识神有别于。
He that heareth from God what he shall speak is taught of God. 他说，从神听见他的发言是什么是上帝教导。
The Holy Spirit does so. 圣灵这样做。
Therefore the Holy Spirit is not God. 因此，圣灵不是神。

12) He that has a will distinct in number from that of God is not God. 12）他已在该会从不同的号码是上帝不是上帝。
The Holy Spirit has a will distinct in number from God (Romans 8: 26-27). 圣灵有一个数量将有别于神（罗马书8：26-27）。
Therefore the Holy Spirit is not God. 因此，圣灵不是神。

Conclusions 结论

Opposition to Trinitarian doctrines had been ongoing since it was first established in 325 AD One would no doubt wonder why the Church resorted to burning John Biddle's anti-Trinitarian writings instead of debating about it in a scholarly manner, if the Church is certain that the doctrine is undisputable and is indeed an inherent part of the Christian faith.反对三位一体的教义并一直持续下去，因为这是第一次在325成立公元一无疑会奇怪，为什么会采取燃烧约翰比德尔的反三位一体的，而不是关于它辩论中文质彬彬的著作，如果教会是肯定的学说是无可争议的，是确实是基督教信仰的内在组成部分。

1. As reproduced & adapted from由于复制及改编自 Muhammad穆罕默德 `Ata ur-Rahim, `阿拉木图乌尔拉希姆， Jesus 耶稣 A Prophet of 阿先知 Islam 伊斯兰教 , pp.页。 142-146 [ 142-146 [ back背面 ] ]