Qur'anic Commentary on Sura' An-Nissa' (4):34古兰经述评苏拉'安境内参加Nissa'(4):34

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Friday 14 Oct, 2005星期五05年10月14日

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Shibli Zaman史布利扎曼

It is claimed that:有人声称:

Surah 4:34 is the notorious verse which advices Muslim husbands with regard to wives from whom they fear “rebellion” (“ wa-llaatiy takhafuwna nushuwzahunna “) eventually to beat them (“ wa- dribuwhunna “, “and beat them!”) Surah 4:34是臭名昭著的意见dribuwhunna诗“穆斯林丈夫对于妻子从他们所恐惧”叛乱“(”は,llaatiy takhafuwna nushuwzahunna“)最终击败他们(”娃“,并打败他们!”)

The issue of a given scriptural verse and its implications is twain.对某一问题,圣经经文的影响是吐温。 First, there is the actual meaning of the verse.首先,是有实际意义的诗句。 Second, there is the way in which it was received and understood by those who received it.二是在它所收到的这些谁收到它的理解方式。

Much of the problem is due to the numerous attempts at an English interpretation of the Qur'an and not a one being all that good.问题大部分是由于多次试图在一本古兰经英解释,而不是一个被所有的好。 Let us look at the verse in its context which often neglected intentionally for the sake of the bigoted polemics.让我们看看在其范围内,往往忽视了顽固论战而故意诗句。 This is how it should be rendered into English based on the Prophet's (P) own words, how his Companions (R) understood them, and how the traditional scholars of Islamic Jurisprudence ruled according to these precepts:这是应该如何翻译为英文基础上,先知(规划)自己的话说,他的同伴如何(R)的理解,以及如何在传统的伊斯兰法学学者裁定根据这些原则:

“Men are the vigilant custodians of women, because of what Allah has endowed upon the one over the other, in that they spend from their means. “男人是妇女的警觉,保管人因为阿拉比其他经之一是,赋予他们从自己的经济能力消费。 Thus are those women righteous and devout, and protective in absentia over what Allahas deemed to be secure.因此,是正义和虔诚的妇女,在缺席了什么Allahas保护被认为是安全的。 As for those from whom you fear insolence, (first) edify them, (second) abstain from laying together with them, (lastly) beat them.至于那些从谁怕你傲慢,(一)陶冶他们,(二)埋设与他们一起,(最后)击败他们投弃权票。 However, if they seek reconciliation, do not be hostile against them.但是,如果他们寻求和解,不要对他们有敌意。 Verily, Allah is the Exalted the Great.”真的,真主是万能的伟大。“

Below are the reasons for my translation listed in detail based upon the understanding of the Prophet(P), his Companions(R) and the early Muslim authorities in jurisprudence:下面是详细列出我的翻译后的先知(规划),他的同伴(R)和判例,在理解的基础上早期的穆斯林当局的原因:

(1) “Men are the vigilant custodians of women…” (1)“人是妇女的警觉,保管人...”

al-Qawwaamoona ” (sing. “ al-Qawwaam “) — “Meaning vigilant to and protective” (“Ayy: mulaaziman , muHaafiTHan “)基地Qawwaamoona”(sing.“基地Qawwaam”) - “警惕和保护的意义”(“Ayy:mulaaziman,muHaafiTHan”) 1

(2) “…because of what Allah has endowed upon the one over the other, in that they spend from their means” (2)“...因为阿拉比其他经之一是,赋予他们从自己的经济能力花”

bi-maa fa'al Allah ba`Dahum `alaa ba`D… ” (lit. “In what Allah has endowed the one over the other) – “Meaning that they purvey for them a wedding dowry, and they spend dutifully upon them from their means, and they make sure that all their needs are met.双甲基丙烯酸fa'al真主巴`Dahum`阿莱巴`Ð ...”(旁通“在阿拉赋予了超过1的除外) - ”这意味着他们散布的为他们的婚礼嫁妆,他们忠实地在花他们从自己的经济能力,他们要确保所有的需求得到满足。 That is the endowment Allahas put in place for them and over them…”这是养老Allahas到位,为他们及对他们...“ 2 2

(3) “…Thus are those women righteous and devout, and protective in absentia over what All?has deemed to be secure” (3)“...因此是正义的和虔诚的妇女,在缺席的保护了什么呢?已被视为是安全的”

“Be good to them, and dignify them, for this is what was understood from the recitation of Ibn Mas'ud” “好好待他们,尊称他们,因为这是为从伊本麦斯背诵理解” 3 3

(4) “…As for those from whom you fear insolence” (4)“...至于那些从谁怕你傲慢无礼”

“an-Nushooz” – “….is infraction (`aSyaan); taken from 'an-nashaz' meaning that which is elevated from the earth…The meaning is thus: You fear her rebellion and haughtiness to what All?has ordained upon her in regards to compliance with her husband. “1 - Nushooz” - “...。是违规行为(`aSyaan),从'一,nashaz',意思是这是从地球上采取高架...的意思是这样的:你害怕她的叛逆,傲慢什么呢?已受戒后她在与丈夫的问候遵守。 Abu ManSoor al-Lughawy has stated, 'Nushooz is the hatred of either one of a married couple for their spouse'.阿布曼苏尔基地Lughawy曾表示,'Nushooz之一是为他们的配偶的已婚夫妇生育一个仇恨。 Ibn Faaris has stated, 'A woman has committed nushooz if she has beleaguered her husband, and the husband has committed nushooz if he strikes her and beats her…”伊本Faaris表示,'一个女人犯了nushooz如果她有她的丈夫陷入困境,而丈夫,如果他犯了nushooz罢工她和她的节拍...“ 4 4

(5) “…edify them” (5)“...陶冶他们”

“fa-`iTHoohunna” – “Meaning with the Book of All? “发`iTHoohunna” - “在所有图书的意义? Meaning remind them of what All?has ordained upon them regarding being of amiable companionship and beautiful partnership with their husbands, and the level of his status over her…”提醒他们什么意义呢?已受戒后,他们提出的有关和蔼可亲的陪伴和与她们的丈夫被美丽的伙伴关系,以及他的地位级以上的她...“ 5 5

(6) “…abstain from their (6)“...放弃其 beds病床

“And 'abstaining from the beds' is that he should lie with her, but turn his back to her, and not have intercourse with her, according to Ibn `Abbaas and others. “和'弃权从床'的是,他应该在于她,但她把他的背部,并没有与她性交,根据伊本'阿巴斯等。 Mujaahid said, 'Abstaining from lying with her'…al-Hasan al-Basri said, 'For when the husband abstains from her bedside, if she is loving to her husband then this will be grieve her and she will be inclined to make things right; However, if she is hateful then her insolence will become manifest, and it will be made clear that she is haughty.” Mujaahid说,'从她的'...哈桑基地巴斯里撒谎说弃权,'因为当她的丈夫从床边弃权,如果她是爱她的丈夫那么这将是她伤心,她会倾向于把事情权利;但是,如果她是那么可恨她傲慢将显现,并会明确指出,她是傲慢的。“ 6 6

(7) “…and beat them” (七)“,并打败他们...”

Allah has said, 'and beat them' ( wa-Driboohunna ) as an order from Allah that the husband should begin by edifying the woman firstly, then he should abstain from her, then if none of that proves useful then to beat…and 'beat' (darb) in this verse is to beat simply as a gesture and to not cause pain.真主说:'和殴打他们'作为真主的命令( 华盛顿州),Driboohunna,丈夫应首先熏陶的女子第一,那么他应该放弃她,那么如果没有一个证明有用然后打...和'击败本诗(darb)是击败仅仅作为一种姿态,并不会引起疼痛。 It is not meant to break bones or to offend her dignity as with a punch and the like.这并不意味着打破骨头或冒犯如用冲床等她的尊严。 For the intention is reconciliation and not anything other than that..and the Prophet(P) said in Saheeh Muslim: 'Fear Allah in regards to women!对于意图是和解,而不是其他任何东西比..和先知(规划)收录在他的穆斯林说:'你们应当敬畏真主的问候妇女! For you have taken them in marriage as security from Allah and intercourse with them has been made lawful for you by the Words of Allah.因为你已经采取了从真主和他们交往的安全与他们的婚姻已经为你合法的真主词。 And you too have rights over them that they should not allow any adversary to illicitly frequent your dwelling.而你也有权利对他们,他们不应该让任何对手,以非法频繁的住房。 If they do that then you may hit them with a hit that does not hurt'如果他们做到这一点,那么你可以打一个不伤害击中他们'

(8) “…if they seek reconciliation, do not be hostile against them” (8)“...如果他们寻求和解,不要对他们有敌意”

“Allah has said, 'if they seek reconciliation,' meaning they have forsaken insolence. “真主说,'如果他们寻求和解,'这意味着他们已经放弃傲慢。 'Do not be hostile against them,' meaning do not respond to them in furor in words or actions. '不要对他们的敌意,'含义不回应,在言语和行动向他们震怒。 This is a forbiddance in regards to oppressing them after they have become determined upon goodness and are firm in good conduct.这是禁压迫他们的问候后,他们已成为决定后,善良和有良好行为企业。 Meaning do not make it difficult for them to show you love, for this is not the way to be with them.”意义不使他们难以向您展示爱这一点,是不一样的是他们。“ 7 7

One can opportunistically cancel out the above in order to twist the words as they like according to their infinitesimal understanding, but this is a dishonest polemic.人们可以机会主义取消了上述以扭曲的话,因为他们喜欢根据自己的理解无穷小,但是这是一个不诚实的论战。 If one chooses to say that a verse from the Qur'an has a heinous meaning, in spite of the absolute majority of Muslims not sharing that narrow and twisted understanding, this serves only the facetious desires of that person's own twisted, puny brain.如果一个人选择说,从古兰经诗句已在穆斯林的绝对多数,尽管不共享一个十恶不赦的含义,即狭隘和扭曲的认识,这只会在该人自己的扭曲,弱小脑开玩笑欲望。 If one were to say that the Biblical verse “Thou shall not kill ” means that everyone must be a vegetarian, and a Christian posted a plethora of references to show that the absolute majority of the Church throughout如果一个人说,圣经经文“你不杀 ”是指每个人都必须是一个素食主义者,并公布了一个基督教引用过多的显示,绝对多数的教会在整个 history历史 did not share this view, yet that person insisted that it meant you couldn't kill animals either, then that person would be an imbecile.不同意这一看法,但该人坚持认为,这意味着你不能杀死任何动物,那么这个人将是一个低能儿。 The only thing such people are doing is making a obtuse joke for themselves which they can snicker at in their bedrooms and no more.唯一在做这样的人正在为自己的迟钝笑话,他们可以在自己的卧室窃笑而已。

And only God knows best.而且,只有上帝知道最好的。 bismika tombstone Quranic Commentary on Sura An Nissa (4):34

  1. Ibn al-Manthur, Lisaan al-`Arab [伊本Manthur,Lisaan基地`阿拉伯 [ back背面 ] ]
  2. at-Tabari, Jaami`ul Bayaan `An Ta'weel Aay al-Qur'an [在-塔巴里, 美国UL Bayaan`2357`一个Ta'weel Aay基地古兰经 [ back背面 ] ]
  3. ibid. [ 同上。[ back背面 ] ]
  4. al-Qurtubi, al-Jaami'u li-Ahkaami-l Qur'an [基地Qurtubi,基地Jaami'u李Ahkaami - 1古兰经 [ back背面 ] ]
  5. at-Tabari, op.在-塔巴里, 同前。 cit. [ 同前。[ back背面 ] ]
  6. al-Qurtubi, op.基地Qurtubi, 同前。 cit. [ 同前。[ back背面 ] ]
  7. ibid. [ 同上。[ back背面 ] ]
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