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1. 1. It is important to realize that, unfortunate as it may be, it is a division that has already been made and accepted by the Muslims and by the adherents of these sections. Ir svarīgi saprast, ka, žēl, jo tas var būt, ir nodaļa, kas jau ir veikti un pieņēmusi musulmaņi un no šīm sadaļām piekritējiem. It would, under the circumstances, be unrealistic to refute the existence of these sects. Tas, apstākļos, ir nereāli, lai atspēkotu pastāv šīs sektām. These sections do exist, even if their existence is against the teachings of the Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Prophet (P), but it would be self-deception to assume that they will cease to exist in the near future. Šīs sadaļas pastāv, pat ja to esamība ir pret Qur'an mācībām un pareģis (P) Sunnah, bet tas būtu sevis maldināšana pieņemt, ka tās vairs nepastāvēs, ka tuvākajā nākotnē.
2. 2. There is a tradition which declares that Ir tradīcija, kas apliecina, ka Islam Islams has 72 (73, according to another version) sects. ir 72 (73, saskaņā ar citu versiju) sektām. 1 1 It is usually argued that this narration patronizes or even encourages the formation of sects in Islam. Tas parasti tiek apgalvots, ka šis stāstījums patronizes vai pat veicināti veidošanos sektām islāmā. Even though its sanad does not have any flaw, but its meaning is usually not understood. Pat ja tā sanad nav nekādu trūkumu, bet tā nozīme ir parasti nav saprotama.
Its correct understanding can be either of the following: To pareizu izpratni, var būt kāda no šādām:
“… hold fast, all of you together, to the cable of Allah, and do not separate…” [Qur'an, 3:103] (Pickthall's tr.) "... Tur ātri, jūs visus kopā, lai kabeli Allah, un nav atsevišķas ..." [Qur'an, 3:103] (Pickthall's tr.)
Hence in light of this way of explanation, it is clear that this narration does not encourage the formation of sects, but, on the other hand, warns the Muslims to keep themselves away from those activities, which lead to the formation of sects. Tādējādi, ņemot vērā šādā veidā skaidrojot, ir skaidrs, ka šis stāstījums neveicina veidošanos sektām, bet, no otras puses, brīdina musulmaņi saglabāt sevi prom no šīm darbībām, kas noved pie veidošanos sektām.
3. 3. From the basic definition of a “Sect” in Islam, we may regard as real sects in Islam as only those groups, whose members departed from the Sunnah on essential issues of fundamental importance for Islam, and who, on such issues, contradict the Ijma'. No pamatdefinīciju "Sect" islāmā, mēs var uzskatīt reālā sektām islāmā jo tikai tām grupām, kuras locekļi atkāpās no Sunnah par pamatprasībām, jautājumiem būtiska nozīme islāmu, un kas par tādiem jautājumiem, ir pretrunā Ijma '.
Ash-Shahrastani in his famous al-Milal wan-Nihal (1:4) writes that the faith of Sunni Muslims was nothing else but the principles of Islam set forth by the Prophet(P) himself, and the “Sects” in Islam were outside of the Sunni faith, and were four only: al-Qadriya, As-Sifatiya, al-Khawarij and Shi'a. Pelnu Shahrastani viņa slaveno al-Milal WAN-Nihal (1:4) raksta, ka musulmaņi ticības sunnītu nebija nekas cits, bet islāma principiem, kas noteikti ar pareģis (P) pats, un "Sektas" islāmā ir ārpus sunnītu ticība, un bija četras tikai: al-Qadriya, As-Sifatiya, al-Khawarij un Šiīti.
Division of this kind dates back to the early days of Islam and was not (initially) caused by questions of religion, but by the questions of the constitution of the new state. Sadali šāda veida datumiem atpakaļ pirmajās dienās islāmu un nebija (sākotnēji), ko izraisa jautājumus par reliģiju, bet gan Konstitūcijas jaunās valsts jautājumiem. Since politics is but a part of the “Deen” of Islam, therefore these political questions were blended very soon with the religious backing, and thus the sectarianism became sound and permanent. Tā kā politika ir tikai daļa no "deen" Islam, tāpēc šie politiskie jautājumi tika sajaukta pavisam drīz ar reliģisko atbalsta un līdz ar to sektantismu kļuva stabilas un pastāvīgas.
Ash-Shahrastani in al-Milal wan-Nihal writes: Pelnu Shahrastani ar al-Milal WAN-Nihal raksta:
In every age, the greatest number of times the swords were drawn was on the issue of Imamate, rather than on any other issue. Katrā vecumā, visvairāk reižu zobenu tika izstrādāti bija jautājums Imamate, nevis par jebkuru citu jautājumu. 3 3
Ash-Shahrastani has mentioned the following events to be the causes Pelnu Shahrastani minēja šādiem notikumiem ir cēloņi 4 4 of true sectarianism in Islam: patiesas sektantismu islāmā:
4. 4. From today's perspective, the differences in the various Muslim groups are of the following nature: No šodienas viedokļa, dažādās musulmaņu grupas atšķirības ir šādas raksturs:
[b] Secondary Differences: These differences are related to the subordinate and minor issues of prayer, zakat , interpretation of Qur'an, etc. These differences exist among the Sunnis, between Ahl-e-Hadith, the four fiqah s, etc. [B] Vidējā Atšķirības: Šīs atšķirības ir saistītas ar pakļautībā un nelielas problēmas ar lūgšanu, zakat, Qur'an interpretācija, uc Šie atšķirības starp sunnīti, no Ahl-e-Hadith, četri fiqah s, uc
Now, differences of type [b] can be eliminated to a reasonably acceptable degree by permitting the respective group to follow its own set of inheritance or family etc. Laws (which will be called its “Personal Law”), but restricting all the groups to follow the Civil & the Criminal Law of that Group, whose adherents are in majority in the area in question. Tagad, atšķirībām tipa [b] var novērst, lai pamatoti pieņemamas mērā ļauj attiecīgo grupu, lai sekotu saviem kopumu mantojumā vai ģimenes utt Likumi (ko sauc par savu "Personal likums"), bet ierobežojot visu grupu sekot Civilās un Krimināllikumu, ka grupa, kuras popularitāte ir vairākums attiecīgajā jomā.
So, in Pakistan, for example, the Law of the Land is the Hanafi interpretation of the Qur'an and the Sunnah, while all other groups are free to follow their respective Personal Law. Tātad, Pakistānā, piemēram, par zemes likuma Hanafi interpretāciju Qur'an un Sunnah, lai gan visas citas grupas ir brīvi sekot to attiecīgās personas tiesībām.