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Madinian (transl. Huda Khattab), , 1991. Adam Rodrigues
Shariah . Makkan (polytheists ) Mushrikun . :
« . ( ) .» (Al Nisa 4:77)
, . Mushrikun , Mushrikun . Mushrikun, nafs ( selves), .
Mushrikun , Dar Al Arqam . , . Madinah, Ansar , , . , - :
, ( ), verily, . (Al-Hajj 22:39) [1]
- :
, loveth . (Al-Baqarah 2:190)
. , . , « - » [2]. , , , . Qur'an:
« , .» (Al Nisa 4:76)
( ) :
« . . , , . » [3]
Mushrikun . Shirk ( ), . , . Qur'an (ayat):
« , .» (Al-Anfal 8:39)
« , YE . YE .» (Al-Baqarah 2:216)
« , hath , ( ) , jizyah , .» (Al-Tawbah 9:29)
. , , . . « » (2: 256). , , , .
. Quraysh Makkah Persians . , hadith:
. , ( ) , . [4]
Fiqh , salah, sawm, hajj, zakah. Ummah, .
Ummah . , , . , . .
Futuhat ( ) . Caetani , , ., , Futuhat . , , , . .
Khalifahs Futuhat, Futuhat, . , , . , Futuhat , , . .
, , . .
. ( ) Khulafa Al-Rashideen riddah (apostate) Ummah. , , , Ummah. , , . apostate murtadd Khilafah Al Siddiq Abu Bakr. , . , , . Abu Bakr (Madinah, Makkah, Taif) , , Sahabah ( ).
Futuhat , . . , 20 , , , . , .
Futuhat . , . , vis-; - vis, . . , , ( ) .
. . Qur'an , , , . Qur'an . . Copts Jacobites . , , , 14 .
Futuhat . Transoxiana ; , , , , Poitiers , , Tiraz TALA Transoxiana, ;
Futuhat , (p) .
ghazawat saraya Madinah. :
1. Quraysh , Makkah.
2. , Quraysh. , , Quraysh, , Qur'an ilaf « ( )» (Qur'an 106:1) Quraysh Yaman. Quraysh Ka'bah, . Quraysh . , .
3. Madinah Mushrikun. Madinah .
ghazwah Ghazwat Al Abwa [5], Ghazwat Wuddan.
, . Al Abwa 14 Madinah. ghazwah, Banu Damrah ( Kinanah) . ghazwah 12 Safar Hijrah. Al Mada'ini [6] Madinah Rabi'al Awwal [7].
Urwah ibn Al-Zubayr sariyah Al Abwa, 60 Ubaydah ibn Al Harith [8]. Ibn Ishaq sariyah Sayf Al-Bahr Madinah, sariyah, 30 Hamzah ibn Abd Al-Muttalib, Sayf Al-Bahr , Quraysh. sariyah Quraysh , , Hamzah sariyah, , Ubaydah sariyah Quraysh [9].
sariyah , , Quraysh. Quraysh . Rabi Al-Thani, . Ghazwat Buwat Ridwa, Yanbu, Quraysh . Ghazwat Al-Ashirah ( Yanbu) Jumada Al-Ula. Ridwa Al-Ashirah Banu Mudlaj Al-Ashirah [10] Jumada Al-Akhirah.
Al-Ashirah, Karaz ibn Jabir Al-Fahri Madinah . (p) Safwan Badr Ghazwah Badr. Karaz [11] , . Quraysh Yaman. sariyah Abd ibn Jahsh, Muhajirun, Nakhlah, Makkah, Rajab, Quraysh. Quraysh , , , Madinah [12].
, Mushrikun . , . , `Abd ibn Jahsh . Madinah, , ( ) , :
« . Quraysh Muhammad , , ' .»
Qur'an . Quraysh. :
. : , , , . . (Al Baqarah 2:217)
Quraysh Makkah [13] « .» , , Quraysh ;
Mushrikun . Quraysh, Quraysh, , . Quraysh Makkah. , .
[1] Al -Al-nuzul sabab, Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Al-Musnad 7/122. Ibn Al-Qayyim, Zad Al-Ma'ad, 2/58.
[2] Qur'an, Al-Qasas 28:83.
[3] Hadith Sahih , 3/1357
[4] , Ibn Al-Hajjaj, Al-Sahih, 3/1517
[5] Sahih Al Bukhari, Hadith Zayd ibn Arqam, ghazwah Al `Ashirah. Al-Hafiz ibn Hajar Ibn Ishaq Zayd ibn Arqam ghazwah (SAAS) Al `Ashirah. Al Bidayah wa Al-Nihayah, 3/246.
[6] Khalifah ibn Khayyat Al Usfur, Al Tarikh, 56
[7] Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani, Fath Al- , 7/279. Khalifah, Al-Tarikh, 56, Ibn Ishaq, isnad.
[8] Ibn Hajar, Fath Al- , 7/279
[9] Khalifah, Al-Tarikh, 61-62. Al Abd Malik Ibn Hisham Al-Himyari, Al-Sirah Al-Nabawiyyah, 1/5912 Muhammad `Abu, Ibn Ishaq isnad. Al Umawi, Maghazi, isnad, Fath Al- , 76/279
[10] Khalifah Al Tarikh, 57, Ibn Ishaq isnad.
[11]
[12] , 63, mursal `Urwah hasan isnad.
[13] Ibn Hisham, Al-Sira, 1/5960, mursal ahadith `Urwah. Al-Bayhaqi Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn Al-Husayn ibn Ali, Al-Sunan Al-Kubra, 9/12, 58-9, sahih isnad `Urwah. Al-Tabarani, hasan isnads. Al-Isabah 2/278 Ibn Kathir, 3/251 Al Haythami, Majma Zawa'id, 6/667. , hadith sahih ghayrihi .
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