&
:
5- 2005, RSS. !
Madinian (transl. Huda Khattab), , 1991. Rodrigues
Allah Shariah . Makkan , Mushrikun (polytheists idolaters) Muslims . Muslims :
« . ( ) .» (4:77 Nisa Al)
Muslims , . Mushrikun , Mushrikun outset. Muslims Mushrikun, nafs ( ), Muslims.
Muslims Mushrikun , Muslims Al Arqam Dar . , - . Muslims Madinah, Ansar , Muslims , . , :
, ( ), ; verily, . (22:39) Al- [1]
Muslims :
, transgress ; transgressors loveth . (2:190 al-Baqarah)
. , . , « -handedness mischief » [2]. , , , . Qur'an:
« , .» (4:76 Nisa Al)
(p) :
« . . , , . » [3]
, Mushrikun Muslims . Shirk (polytheism idolatry), Muslims . , , . Qur'an (ayat):
« , .» (8:39 al-Anfal)
« , ye . ye .» (2:216 al-Baqarah)
« , hath , ( ) , jizyah , .» (9:29 al-Tawbah)
. Muslims , namely , Muslims. . « » (2: 256). , , , 14 .
. Quraysh Makkah Muslims Byzantines . , ; , hadith:
. , ( ) , . [4]
Fiqh , salah, sawm, , zakah. Ummah, .
Muslim Ummah . , , enslavement - Allah, , . , . .
Futuhat ( ) . Caetani Orientalists , , . ., , Futuhat . , , , . .
Khalifahs Futuhat, Futuhat, . aright, , . , Futuhat , , - . .
, , . .
. (p) al-Rashideen Khulafa riddah ( ) thwarting Ummah. , , , Ummah. , , . murtadd Khilafah al Siddiq Abu Bakr. , . , , . Abu Bakr (Madinah, Makkah, Taif) , , Sahabah ( ).
Futuhat , . . , XX , , , . ; , .
Futuhat . contrition , Muslims. , vis- ? - , . . Muslims , , , Muslims ( ) Muslims .
Orientalist . . Qur'an , , , . Qur'an . . Copts Jacobites . , , , 14 .
Futuhat . Andalusia Transoxiana muslims ? muslims 3 , , , , Poitiers , , Tiraz Talas Transoxiana, ?
Futuhat , (p) .
ghazawat saraya Madinah. 3 :
1. Quraysh , Makkah.
2. , Muslims Quraysh. , Muslims, Quraysh, , Qur'an ilaf « ( )» (Qur'an 106: 1) Quraysh Yaman. Quraysh Ka'bah, . Quraysh . , Muslims .
3. Muslims Madinah Mushrikun. Madinah; Muslims .
ghazwah al Abwa Ghazwat [5], Ghazwat Wuddan.
2 6 7 , . Al Abwa 14 Madinah. ghazwah, Banu Damrah ( Kinanah). ghazwah 12 Safar Hijrah. Mada'ini al [6] Madinah Rabi'al Awwal [7].
Al-Zubayr ibn Urwah sariyah al Abwa, 60 al Harith ibn Ubaydah [8]. Ibn Ishaq sariyah al-Bahr Sayf Madinah, sariyah, 30 al-Muttalib Abd ibn Hamzah, al-Bahr Sayf , Quraysh. sariyah 2 Quraysh , , sariyah Hamzah, , sariyah Ubaydah Muslims Quraysh [9].
sariyah 2 , , Quraysh. Quraysh . al-Thani Rabi, Muslims . Ghazwat Buwat Ridwa, Yanbu, 200 - Quraysh . al-Ashirah Ghazwat ( Yanbu) al-Ula Jumada. Ridwa al-Ashirah Banu Mudlaj al-Ashirah [10] al-Akhirah Jumada.
al-Ashirah, al-Fahri Jabir ibn Karaz Madinah . (p) Safwan Badr; Ghazwah Badr. Karaz pursuers [11] Muslims , . Muslims Quraysh ; Yaman. Sariyah ibn Jahsh Abd Allah, 8 Muhajirun, Nakhlah, Makkah, Rajab, Quraysh. Quraysh , , , 2 Madinah [12].
, Mushrikun Muslims . , . , ibn Jahsh Abd Allah ` . Madinah, , (p) , :
Qur'an muslims. ransomed 2 Quraysh. :
thee . : ; , , , . . (2:217 Baqarah Al)
Quraysh Muslims Makkah muslims [13] « .» , , Quraysh Muslims ?
muslims Mushrikun . Muslims Quraysh, Quraysh, , . Quraysh muslims Makkah. , .
[1] al-nuzul sabab, . ibn Hanbal Ahmad, al-Musnad 7/122. . al-Qayyim Ibn, al-Ma'ad Zad, 2/58.
[2] . Qur'an, 28:83 al-Qasas.
[3] Hadith Muslim Sahih, 3/1357
[4] Muslim, al-Hajjaj Ibn, al-Sahih, 3/1517
[5] al Bukhari Sahih, Hadith ibn Arqam Zayd, ghazwah `Ashirah al. Ibn Hajar al-Hafiz Ibn Ishaq ibn Arqam Zayd ghazwah (SAAS) `Ashirah al. Al-Nihayah wa Bidayah Al, 3/246.
[6] Al Usfur Khayyat ibn Khalifah, al Tarikh, 56
[7] Al-Asqalani Ibn Hajar, Fath al-Bari, 7/279. Khalifah, al-Tarikh, 56, Ibn Ishaq, isnad.
[8] Ibn Hajar, Fath al-Bari, 7/279
[9] Khalifah, al-Tarikh, 61-62. Al-Himyari Malik Ibn Hisham al Abd `Abu , al-Nabawiyyah al-Sirah, 1/591-2, Ibn Ishaq isnad. Al Umawi, Maghazi, isnad, Fath al-Bari, 76/279
[10] Al Tarikh Khalifah, 57, Ibn Ishaq isnad.
[11] ibid.
[12] ibid., 63, mursal `Urwah hasan isnad.
[13] Ibn Hisham, al-Sira, 1/59-60, mursal ahadith `Urwah. Ibn al-Husayn ibn Abu Bakr Ahmad al-Bayhaqi, al-Kubra al-Sunan, 9/12, 58-9, isnad sahih `Urwah. al-Tabarani, hasan isnads. . al-Isabah 2/278; Ibn Kathir, 3/251; al Haythami, Majma Zawa'id, 6/66-7. , hadith ghayrihi li sahih.
" & "
[...] . . [ ] [...]