In Praise of Muhammad, the Mercy to All the Worlds在穆罕默德的赞美,对世界所有慈悲

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Thursday 05 Apr, 2007星期四2007年4月5日

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Hamza Yusuf哈姆扎优素福

Twenty-six years ago I became a Muslim largely because I fell in love with a beautiful human being. 26年以前我就一个穆斯林,主要是因为我爱上了一个美丽的人。 “I was only sent to perfect noble character,” said the man declared as a “mercy to all the worlds.” “我当时只派完善高尚的品格,”那人说是一个“仁慈的所有世界宣布。”

As time passed, this love grew as my knowledge of him increased.随着时间的推移,这种爱是我对他的知识增长增加。 I painfully watched his religion hijacked by some for their own ends distorting his message and forgetting that he was indeed a mercy to all the worlds.我痛苦地看着自己的宗教为他们自己的目的歪曲他的一些被劫持的消息,忘了,他的确是所有世界的摆布。 I am troubled by the media's portrayal of him sometimes in the worst of lights.我感到不安的是媒体描述他在最坏的灯光有时。 How could the man I came to know and love be so vilified and maligned by those who claim to represent him and also by those who aim to be unbiased interpreters?我这个人怎么能来了解和热爱是如此的污蔑和诽谤谁声称代表他和那些谁的目标是公正的口译员也?

Muhammad穆罕默德 , peace be upon him, was a shy, reticent man who lived among his people with such high moral character they called him al-Amîn — the Trustworthy. ,他是在和平,是一个害羞,沉默寡言的人谁信得过生活-他的人民之间的这种品德高尚,他们叫他阿明

The Prophet of先知的 Islam伊斯兰教 was born in the city of Mecca, Arabia, into a poor but noble branch of an aristocratic clan known as Quraysh, a people who despised treachery, lies and stupidity, while honouring bravery in battle, generosity in partying, and cleverness in poetry.出生在麦加,沙特阿拉伯,把一个贫穷的城市,但作为崇高的quraysh,一个人谁鄙视背叛,已知一个贵族家族分支的谎言和愚蠢,而在战斗中英勇履行,在聚会慷慨,在诗歌中的聪明。

Some families, were so ashamed of their baby girls, that they would bury them alive instead of suffering the possible indignity of future dishonour.有些家庭,如此的女婴感到羞耻,他们将埋葬他们活着,而不是遭受屈辱的未来可能拒付。 The religion of the Arabs at the time was a hodge-podge of superstition, divination and idolatry.阿拉伯人的宗教在当时是一个大杂烩的迷信,算命和偶像崇拜。 To them, man's life ended with his death and his afterlife was based on his military exploits might be immortalized by a poets tongue.对他们来说,人的生命,他与他的死亡和来世结束是基于他的军事攻击可能是由一个诗人舌头永生。

The Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, was born into this world on April 9th, 570, Christian era in the lunar month of Rabi'a al-Awwal.先知穆罕默德,愿他安息,是这个世界上4月9日出生,570,在Rabi'a基地Awwal农历正月基督教时代。 His father, Abdallah died during his mother's pregnancy.他的父亲,阿卜杜拉在他去世的母亲在怀孕。 And for the first four years he was raised in the relative purity of the desert by a Bedouin woman named Halimah.并第4,他在沙漠中的相对纯度提高了名为哈莉玛一个贝都因妇女年。 After which he returned to his mother, Aminah.接着,他回到他的母亲,Aminah。 But in his seventh year, his mother died leaving him in the care of his grandfather.但在他的第七个年头,他的母亲去世时,他的祖父在照顾他。

At the age of twenty-five, he was employed as a commercial agent by Lady Khadijah, a successful widow from his own clan.在25岁,他被聘为由夫人Khadijah,从他自己的氏族成功寡妇商业代理。 She soon recognized his honesty and good nature and proposed marriage.她很快认识到他的诚实和良好的性质,并提出结婚。 Although fifteen years younger than she was, he accepted her proposal, and fathered six of his seven children with her.虽然15年比她年轻的时候,他接受了她的建议,他的父亲和她的七个孩子6。

At the age of forty, it had become his custom to escape the idolatry of Meccan society by seeking solitude in a cave on the mountain known as “the Mountain of Light.” In the solitary confines of his small cave a voice pierced his consciousness declaring: “Recite!”在40年代,它已成为他的习惯,以逃避寻求一个为“山光。”在他的小洞穴里孤独的声音宣布他的意识范围刺穿著名的山洞里孤独的社会偶像崇拜的麦加:“念!”

Alarmed and shivering he fled to his wife, begging her to wrap him in a cloak.深感震惊并颤抖他逃到他的妻子,乞求她的外衣来包装在一个他。 He feared for his sanity, concerned that a desert spirit or poetic muse might be pursuing him.他担心他的理智,关注的是沙漠或精神追求诗意的灵感可能是他。 More revelations soon followed and Muhammad came to the understanding that he was not only a prophet in a long line of prophets, but that he was the last of them who was sent with a universal message.不久之后更多的启示和穆罕默德来到理解是,他不仅是在一长排的先知预言,但他是他们最后谁是具有普遍性的消息发送。

As the days passed his revelations increased and they were powerfully rhythmic punctuated with intoxicating messages that challenged listeners to reflect on everyday miracles such as the alternation of the night and day随着日子一天天过去增加他的启示和有力的节奏,他们与挑战听众陶醉的消息就如日常生活中的奇迹反映了白天和黑夜的交替穿插

These revelations revealed to Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, came to be known as the Qur'an, the Muslim holy book.这些透露给穆罕默德的启示,和平与祝福他,后来被古兰经,穆斯林的圣书闻名。 For thirteen years he invited his clan to worship one God, sit with slaves in spiritual solidarity, respect women as soul-full equals and the source of human mercy, care for the widow, the orphan, the weak and the oppressed.对于13年,他邀请他的部族崇拜一个上帝,在团结精神的奴隶坐,为魂,充分尊重妇女平等和人类怜悯来源,寡妇,孤儿,照顾弱者和被压迫者。

At first people ridiculed his message and accused him of attempting “to make the gods one.” His message threatened his people's financial control of the markets of Mecca where pilgrims from all over Arabia came to spend their wealth.起初人们嘲笑他的信息,并指控企图“使神之一他。”他的信息威胁他的人的麦加朝圣者的市场在从沙特阿拉伯各地来度过他们的财富的财务控制。

When his clan failed to stop his preaching they plotted to kill him in his sleep.当他的家族未能阻止他的说教,他们策划要杀死在睡梦中他。 But he was warned by the Angel Gabriel and told to flee in the cover of darkness to Madina with his beloved friend and lifelong companion Abu Bakr.但他警告说,天使Gabriel和逃离在夜幕掩护与他心爱的朋友,终身伴侣阿布巴克尔到麦地那。

Setting out, the two sought refuge in a cave to escape the skilled trackers of Mecca hot on their trail.放样,他们找到一个山洞中避难逃生麦加热对他们跟踪技术跟踪。 The bounty hunters quickly came upon the cave, but a spider's web had already covered the entrance and a dove with her young rested in a nest above it.赏金猎人迅速来到洞穴,而是一个蜘蛛网已经覆盖入口和鸽子在她年轻的上方有巢休息。

When the posse left and the two felt safe again, they continued their journey to the city of Yathrib.当波西左右两个感到安全了,他们继续他们的旅程到耶斯里卜城市。 And as they entered it the young girls and children of Bani Najjar came out chanting lines of poetry which is still sung all over the world in remembrance of this auspicious occasion.当他们进入它的年轻女孩和儿童巴尼纳贾尔喊出来的诗,虽然目前还唱了在这个吉祥的日子纪念世界所有行。

The name Yathrib was changed to Medina, city of hope.这个名字耶斯里卜改为麦地那,希望的城市。 It became a city founded on the brotherhood of virtue.它成为对美德的兄弟创办的城市。 The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, enacted a treaty uniting the once warring groups.先知,和平与祝福时,他颁布了一项条约一旦交战团体的团结。 He secured the rights of the Jewish minority by granting them full citizenship and freedom to practice their religion without constraint.他担保,给予他们充分的公民和自由的犹太少数人的权利实行不限制他们的宗教。

Days after his arrival in Medina he began the construction of a mosque, a sanctuary of prayer and meditation, in the centre of the city.麦地那之后,他在抵达后,他开始了一个清真寺,祈祷和冥想避难所建设,在城市的中心。 And he had his companions; the Muslims create their own marketplace in order to ensure economic strength.他有他的同伴;穆斯林建立自己的市场,以确保经济实力。

The Meccans, sensing that a rising power was now emerging in the peninsula, plotted ways of subverting the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and his growing community of believers.该Meccans,传感,一个崛起的大国,现在在半岛出现,策划颠覆先知,和平与祝福的方式时,他和他的信徒越来越多的社区。

And the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, who had practiced a strict pacifism in Mecca for thirteen years and disliked the use of coercive force, was now given permission by God to defend against any attacks by his enemies.和先知,和平与祝福他,谁也实行了13年,在麦加严格的和平主义和不喜欢使用胁迫性武力,现在获准由神来抵御任何攻击他的敌人。 The Qur'an declared, “Fighting has been prescribed for you and you detest it, but perhaps you detest something and in it is much good.古兰经宣布,“战斗已经为你规定,你讨厌它,但也许你讨厌的东西,在它是非常好的。 And perhaps you love something and in it is much harm, and God knows and you do not know.”也许你喜欢的东西,在它是大的伤害,天知道,你不知道。“ 1

The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Never desire to meet your enemies, rather ask God for peace and well-being; but should you be forced to meet them, then act courageously.”先知,和平与祝福时,他说:“永远不要满足您的愿望的敌人,而不是要求和平和幸福,但你应该被迫以满足他们的神,然后勇敢地采取行动。” 2 2

Muslims are not ashamed of their Prophet's teaching about war.穆斯林不属于他们的先知的教学对战争感到羞耻。 On the contrary, for us it is a great source of pride.相反,对于我们来说是一个骄傲的源泉。 He was courageous as a great lion against the strong and oppressive yet gentle as a shepherd with the weak and the oppressed.他是作为一个勇敢的强烈反对和压迫而温柔,就像一个牧羊人与狮子大弱者和被压迫者。

The true object of war fought for God should always be peace.战争的真正对象争取神要永远和平。 What the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, taught is that Muslims fight for a just cause only.什么先知,和平与祝福他,教的是为正义事业而只有穆斯林的斗争。 In this world, there are only two choices: two sides, truth and justice or falsehood and oppression.在这个世界上,只有两种选择:双方,真理和正义或谎言和压迫。 You don't have to be a Muslim to understand that.你不必是一个穆斯林理解这一点。

After years of conflict between members of his clan and his followers, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, had a revelation that he should visit the sacred mosque.经过与他的家族和他的追随者,先知,和平与祝福成员多年冲突时,他曾一个启示,他应该访问的神圣清真寺。 In the eighth year after his migration to Medina the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, set out for Mecca but his adversaries refused to allow him in. They sent out an arbitrator to strike an agreement that would bring the stand-off to an end.在第八个年头后,他迁移到麦地那先知,和平与祝福他,规定了麦加,但他的对手拒绝让他们进来派出一名仲裁员达成协议,罢工将带来的对峙到他结束。 And on every point of this treaty the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, compromised his own position in pursuit of peace.并就这一条约的每一个点的先知,和平与祝福他,影响他在追求和平的立场。

On the journey back to Medina some of the companions were deeply troubled by what had just taken place and disappointed that they were thwarted from visiting the sanctuary.在旅途回到麦地那的同伴有些深感不安,刚刚发生了什么事和失望,他们前往圣所挫败。 When asked to explain, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, replied, “Did I say it was going to be this year?”当被要求解释,先知,和平与祝福时,他回答道:“难道我说这是将是今年的?”

And so the following year, in accordance with the treaty, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and his followers performed a pilgrimage completely unmolested.所以下一年,根据该条约,先知,和平与祝福他,和他的追随者进行完全不受干扰朝圣。 But soon his clan the Quraysh broke their end of the deal, massacring another clan with alliance to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, attacking them even in the sacred precinct.但很快他的家族的quraysh打破他们的交易结束时,屠杀另一个联盟,先知,和平与祝福时,他家族,攻击他们在神圣的选区,甚至。 Abu Sufyan, the head of the Prophet's enemies, attempted to restore the truce but it was too late.阿布苏夫扬,对先知的敌人头上,企图恢复停火,但为时已晚。 News of the massacre enraged the believers and the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, summoned all of the Muslims capable of bearing arms to march on Mecca.大屠杀激怒信徒和先知,和平与祝福新闻时,他召见的穆斯林能够携带武器,所有游行的麦加。 When the nearly ten thousand Muslims arrived on the outskirts of the city, the Quraysh realized they did not stand a chance and people either fled or stayed in their homes.当了近1.0万穆斯林在都市郊区到达时,他们没有意识到的quraysh立场的机会和人士要么逃离或留在家里。

And so it was, after years of persecution, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, marched triumphant into the city of his birth at the head of the largest army ever assembled in Arabian因此,这是经过多年的迫害,先知,和平与祝福他,步入了他出生的城市在有史以来最大的阿拉伯军队的首脑聚集的胜利 history历史 . With his head bowed in humility he declared a general amnesty and granted war criminals refuge.随着他的头部谦逊鞠了一躬,他宣布大赦,并给予战犯避难。

His overwhelming magnanimity of character led to a mass conversion among the citizens of Mecca.他最宽宏大量的性格导致了公民之间的麦加大规模转换。 Even Abu Sufyan, his archenemy, embraced the religion of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him.即使阿布苏夫扬,他的宿敌,接受了先知,和平与祝福时,他的宗教。 In the months that followed, almost all of Arabia dispatched representatives to swear allegiance to this Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and to enter in the faith of Islam.在随后的几个月里,几乎所有的阿拉伯派出的代表宣誓效忠这个先知,和平与祝福他,并进入伊斯兰教的信仰。 In a period of twenty-three years Muhammad, peace be upon him, had succeeded in uniting a feuding people trapped in cycles of violence into one people with a sense of destiny and a mission that would transform the world.在二十三年穆罕默德,愿他安息,已成功地团结一争斗陷入一人在暴力循环与命运的责任感和使命,将改变世界的人。

He elevated the low, and he lowered the elevated that they might meet in that middle place known as brotherhood.他提高了低,他降低了提升,他们可能在为满足兄弟知道,中间的地方。 He infused in them a love of learning unleashing a creative power that would lead to some of the most extraordinary scientific breakthroughs in human history.他在其中注入了学习发动创造性力量,将导致在人类历史上最了不起的科学突破一些爱。

He died on the same day he was born, in the same house he had lived in for ten years in Medina, on a small bed made of leather stuffed with palm fibres, in the arms of his beloved wife Aishah.他死在同一天,他出生在同一所房子里,他一直住在麦地那十年中对皮革做了一个小床,与棕榈纤维填充,在他心爱的妻子Aishah武器。 His dying words were, “Treat your women well, and do not oppress your servants, the prayer, the prayer, don't be neglectful of the prayer.他的遗言是,“把你的女人好,不压迫你的仆人,在祈祷,祈祷,不要疏忽的祈祷。 O God, my highest companion, O highest companion.”上帝啊,我的最高的同伴啊,最高的伴侣。“

But the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, was more than just a great historical person, he was a father and friend, a husband, a companion and above all he was a human being.但先知,和平与祝福他,不仅仅是一个伟大的历史人物多,他是一个父亲和朋友,一个丈夫,一个最重要的伴侣和他是一个人。 The Prophet's unique physical appearance, his high character and willingness to sacrifice for others, are often at the essence of any description of him.先知独特的外表,他的崇高品格和愿意牺牲他人,往往是在任何对他的描述的本质。 He was once described by a contemporary in the following words:他曾描述了一个在当代以下文字:

“The Messenger of God was imposing and majestic. “上帝的使者是实行和雄伟。 His face was luminous like a full moon.他的脸像一个明亮的满月。 He was taller than medium but not excessive in height.他身高超过中等但不是在高度过高。 He had wavy hair, which he parted and it never went beyond his shoulders.他有波浪形的头发,他分手,却一直没有超越他的肩膀去了。 He was light-skinned with a high brow.他是光与皮肤的高额头。 He had full eyebrows and a small space between them.他有充分的眉毛和它们之间的小空间。 He had a fine, aquiline nose.他有一个良好的,鹰钩鼻子。 His beard was full, his eyes black.他的胡子是充分,他的眼睛黑。 His physique was supple and lithe, with a full chest and broad shoulders.他的体质是柔软和轻盈,带有完整的胸部和宽阔的肩膀。 When he walked, he was determined and his pace was as if he was walking down hill.当他走,他决心和他的速度就好像他走下山。

When he spoke he was always brief and reflective.当他谈到他总是简短和反思。 He spoke when he saw benefit and spent long periods in silent contemplation.他谈到,当他看到效益,花了很长时间的沉默沉思。 His speech was comprehensive being neither wordy nor laconic.他的讲话是全面既不罗嗦,也不简洁。 He had a mild temperament and was never harsh nor cruel, coarse nor rude.他有一个温和的气质和残酷的,也不是从来没有苛刻,粗糙,也不粗鲁。 He expressed gratitude for everything given to him no matter how insignificant.他对给他无论多么微不足道的一切表示感谢。 When he spoke, his companions lowered their heads as if birds were perched upon them.当他发言时,他的同伴降低他们的头上,犹如鸟儿在它们栖息。 When he was silent, they felt free to speak.当他沉默,他们认为自由发言。 He never criticized food or praised it excessively.他从来没有批评过的食物或称赞它。 He never swore, nor did he find fault in people.他从不发誓,他也没有发现在人的过错。 He did not flatter people but praised them when appropriate.他不奉承人,但称赞他们在适当的时候。

People entered his gatherings as seekers and left enlightened.人们进入他的聚会为求职者和左开明。 He would ask about his companions when they were absent often making inquiries about people's needs.他问他的同伴时,他们往往没有作出有关人民的需要查询。 He never stood nor sat without mentioning the name of God.他从来不提也不站在上帝的名义坐在一起。 He never reserved a special place for himself in a gathering and sat where space provided.他从不保留在一次聚会,让自己特别的地方,坐在那里的空间提供。 He gave each of those who sat with him such full attention that everyone felt that he was the most important person in that gathering.他给那些谁与他坐在这种充分注意每个大家都觉得他是在这个聚会最重要的人。 Voices were never raised in his presence.声音是从未提出在他面前。 The aged were respected for their age and the young were shown compassion for their youth.”对于他们的青春年龄得到尊重他们的年龄和年轻的放映同情。“

The Qur'an reminds Muslims that when they are slandered by those who reject them they should bear it patiently and be forgiving.古兰经提醒穆斯林说,当他们被那些谁拒绝他们,他们应该承担它耐心,要宽容污蔑。 I yearn for a deeper understanding of this man, his gentleness towards children, his love of animals, his concern for the weak and oppressed, his sense of justice tempered always with mercy.我渴望有一个更深入的了解这个人,他对孩子们的温柔,他对动物的爱,他对弱者和被压迫者,他的正义感脾气总是关注与怜悯。

I personally love his humour and his sense of tomfoolery.我个人喜欢他的幽默和他的愚蠢之举感。 He said once, “I joke but always tell the truth.” His wife Aishah said, “he was always making us laugh in the house.” One of his names is ad-dahhak — the smiling one.他说,一次,“我开玩笑,但总是说实话。”他的妻子Aishah说:“他总是让我们笑在家里。”名字中的一个,他是广告dahhak -微笑之一。 His humour and cheerfulness even in the face of the most difficult of times is so needed today in our troubled world.他的幽默,即使在最困难的脸快乐是今天需要的时间,以便在我们陷入困境的世界。 I imagine him telling those of us who don't laugh enough to lighten up, to show more gratitude even in what appears to be difficulties.我想象他告诉我们这些谁不笑不足以减轻起来,表明即使在看来是困难更多的感谢。 And as for those who laugh too much and do so inappropriately, I imagine that he would ask that they reflect deeper on the condition of humanity and nurture compassion in their hearts.而对于那些谁笑太多,这样做不恰当,我想他会请他们反映更深入了解人类的生存状况,培养他们的慈悲心。

“Those who sin while laughing enter hell crying,” he once said. “谁笑进入地狱罪而哭泣,”他曾经说过。

Once an old woman asked him if she would enter paradise and he replied, “Old people don't go to heaven!” The woman was crestfallen with the answer he had provided, to which he added with a smile, “You shall enter paradise in the prime of your youth.”一旦一个老妇,她问他是否会进入天堂,他回答说:“老人们不会去天堂!”的女子与他垂头丧气提供了答案,他笑着说:“你不得进入天堂在你的青春素数。“

The Arabs believed dates made eye infections worse.阿拉伯人认为日期作出眼部感染恶化。 His companion Suhayb was eating dates one day while his left eye was infected.他的同伴Suhayb吃一天的日期,而他的左眼被感染。 The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Suhayb do you eat dates and your eye is infected?” To which Suhayb said, “I am eating with my right eye only O Messenger of God.” To which the Prophet, peace be and blessings be upon him, laughed heartily.先知,和平与祝福时,他说:“你吃Suhayb日期和你的眼睛受到感染?”为了这Suhayb说,“我吃我的右眼只有上帝的使者啊。”为其中的先知,平安和祝福他,哈哈大笑。

And once a gruff desert Bedouin came into the mosque and prayed out loud saying, “O God forgive me and Muhammad and don't forgive anyone else.” Hearing this the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, laughed and said to him, “You are limiting the vast mercy of God.”而一旦贝都因人的脾气暴躁的沙漠走进清真寺祈祷大声说,“哦,上帝原谅我,穆罕默德,不原谅别人。”听到这个先知,和平与祝福他,笑着对他说, “你是限制了广大神怜悯。”

I feel so incredibly grateful and blessed to have come to know him and to learn from him.我觉得很不可思议的感谢和祝福有来认识他,向他学习。 A day of my life has not gone by that I haven't felt indebted to him for the wisdom he has given me in making sense of my life and my world.对我的生活没有一天过去了,我没有感受到他的智慧感谢他给予我的生活,使我的世界我的感觉。

Every day my love for Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, increases.每一天,我为穆罕默德,和平与祝福时,他的爱,升幅。 Like the vast majority of my fellow believers across the world and through times he is, indeed, the Beloved — the Praised One.像我的同胞在世界各地广大信教群众,并通过几次他确实是的宠儿 - 的赞美之一。

To the solace of his name, simply saying Muhammad, has an incredibly soothing effect on me.为了安慰他的名字,只是说穆罕默德,有一个对我非常镇静效果。 bismika tombstone In Praise of Muhammad, the Mercy to All the Worlds

  1. Qur'an 2:216 [古兰经2:216 [ back背面 ] ]
  2. Sahih al-Bukhari [的词句基地布哈里[ back背面 ] ]
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